This research explored the relationships between beliefs about the Confederate flag’s symbolism, masculine honor beliefs (MHB), and attitudes toward removing Confederate symbols and memorials from public areas. Participants from across the United States (N = 206) responded to questionnaires assessing their MHB, beliefs that the Confederate flag symbolizes remembrance, rebellion, and racism, and reported their attitudes about Confederate symbols. Results demonstrated positive associations between beliefs that the Confederate flag stands for remembrance and rebellion, MHB, and support for the Confederate flag. Those who believe the flag symbolizes racism were most in favor of removing Confederate symbols from public spaces whereas those who believe the flag is a symbol of remembrance followed by those with higher levels of MHB most oppose their removal. Findings provide insights into how ideas about masculine honor influence perceptions of important social issues and may explain the acceptance of aggressive measures to protect the Confederate symbols.

The 1979 Islamic Revolution fundamentally transformed the conceptual foundations of Iran’s foreign policy. In the post-revolution period, religious and ideological factors, particularly sectarian considerations, began to play a central role in shaping the country’s regional policy. In the context of sectarian politicization in the Middle East, Iran aligned its foreign policy with Shi’a religious and cultural principles, viewing regional Shi’a communities as a key pillar in strengthening its geopolitical influence. This process not only defined the distinctive features of Iran’s foreign policy but also influenced the formation of a new geopolitical balance in regional security.

This article explores the importance of hospital pedagogy in ensuring the continuity of education for children undergoing long-term treatment in medical institutions. The study highlights the psychological and pedagogical challenges encountered by hospitalized children, such as anxiety, emotional instability, and difficulties in social adaptation. It emphasizes the crucial role of teachers in providing psychological support, maintaining children’s motivation for learning, and creating a safe and engaging educational environment. Furthermore, the research underlines the significance of innovative approaches in addressing children’s cognitive and affective needs during hospitalization, contributing to their emotional resilience and social integration. The findings suggest that effective hospital pedagogy not only supports the academic development of children but also plays a vital role in strengthening their psychological well-being.

Background: In an era marked by increasing seismic activity and the recognized insufficiency of current predictive models, there is a pressing need to explore historical precedents for resilient design. Ancient Indian temples, many of which have stood for over a millennium in active seismic zones, represent enduring feats of engineering. This article investigates the structural principles that have contributed to their remarkable longevity.

Objective: The primary objective is to identify and analyze the specific design, engineering, and construction techniques in ancient Indian temple architecture that contribute to earthquake resilience, framing them as a cohesive system of "structural intelligence."

Methods: This study employs a qualitative, historical-architectural analysis. It synthesizes evidence from classical Sanskrit architectural treatises, such as the Manasara [3], with modern scholarship on temple architecture [1, 2]. This textual and historical analysis is cross-referenced with technical data from Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) reports [4], structural vulnerability assessments of heritage sites by IIT Roorkee [5], and UNESCO World Heritage Centre dossiers [6].

Results: The analysis identifies four key strategies for seismic resilience. These include: (1) sophisticated foundation systems designed to isolate the structure from ground motion; (2) the use of heavy superstructures and plinths as a form of mass damping; (3) the extensive use of mortar-less, interlocking masonry that allows for energy dissipation through micro-movements and friction; and (4) the inherent stability of the pyramidal and curvilinear architectural forms, which maintain a low center of gravity and effectively distribute lateral loads.

Conclusion: Ancient Indian temple architecture exhibits a sophisticated, empirically developed system of seismic resilience. These time-tested principles of flexibility, mass damping, and geometric stability offer invaluable insights for contemporary engineering and architecture, providing a paradigm for sustainable design in the face of modern seismic threats.

This article talks about the reforms carried out today in New Uzbekistan, innovations in the field of culture and art, implementation of decrees, harmonization of Uzbek national and cultural values with universal values, achievements in this field, including the world role of Khorezm dance "Lazgi" of Uzbek national dances. and how the national culture is glorified, its harmony with universal values, its uniqueness, innovations in the performing arts are studied from a scientific point of view.

This article explores the administrative reforms implemented in the Republic of Uzbekistan during 2020-2024, including the optimization of institutional structures, the establishment of independent anti-corruption agencies, and approaches to strengthening local governance. It analyzes how Uzbekistan’s experience may be relevant and adaptable for neighboring Central Asian countries-Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan-while emphasizing that the success of such reforms largely depends on each country’s political and social context and institutional stability. The article also highlights the role of international organizations-such as the UNDP, OSCE, and the World Bank-in recognizing Uzbekistan’s reform efforts as a form of soft power that contributes to regional development and stability. The analysis concludes that while Uzbekistan’s model is potentially exportable, its success depends on contextual adaptation in each state.

The present study explores the correlations between the personality facet emotionality and the relational capacity of banking employees, focusing on dimensions such as cooperation, conflict management and emotional attachment. The research is based on a group of 152 participants from urban and rural areas, aged between 21 and 72, who completed a multiaxial questionnaire on the facet of emotionality (fear, anxiety, dependency, sentimentality) and various aspects of relational capacity. The results indicate a significant positive correlation between emotionality and the SRS dimensions studied. Specifically, a significant correlation was found between emotionality and cooperation (Spearman 0.20, p < 0.05), between emotionality and conflict management (Spearman 0.18, p < 0.05), and between emotionality and emotional attachment (Spearman 0.22, p < 0.01).

These results suggest that a higher prevalence of emotional traits may contribute to increased cooperation and conflict management capacity, as well as to the strengthening of emotional attachment within work relationships. In contrast, no significant correlations were identified between emotionality and the dimensions of networking, self-evaluation and persuasion.

The research hypothesis was confirmed, highlighting the importance of emotionality as a psychological factor influencing the professional relationships of banking employees. These findings have implications for the development of human resource management strategies and for improving organizational performance.

This article covers the state of agriculture in the Zamin region in 2017-2024, achievements and shortcomings. It also describes reforms in the sector, new projects, and the unique opportunities of the district in the export-oriented agricultural sector.