Orbital contusion trauma is characterized by particular severity, a high risk of blindness, the possibility of the development of purulent-inflammatory complications, and functional and cosmetic defects [1]. The multiple nature of traumatic injuries necessitates the use of accurate topical diagnosis and treatment planning. The study of traumatic lesions of the orbit is relevant.

Mechanical jaundice is a severe symptomcomplex developing as a complication of some diseases and most frequently accompanies cholelithiasis, benign strictures of choledochiasis, primary and metastatic lesions of hepatopancreatoduodenal organs in malignant neoplasms [1,12]. Biliary outflow disorder leads to biliary hypertension and, as a result, to suppression of hepatocyte function and its death. In most cases, mechanical jaundice is accompanied by cholangitis, cholangiogenic liver abscesses, sepsis, hepatic and renal failure, which in turn leads to a number of pathogenic mechanisms leading to general intoxication, coagulation disorders, reduced immune response and multiple organ failure[14].

This research project is aimed at assessing the knowledge of Diarrhea and Vomiting is a major cause of malnutrition and death among children below the age of five (5) years .Diarrhea and Vomiting is now a threat to public health indeed. It is still a major cause of death among children especially those between the ages of 6months and 3years.The significance of the study is to highlight what is diarrhea and vomiting, what causes it, how does it cause dehydration and malnutrition which lead to death. Diarrhea and Vomiting is a condition of frequent loose bowel movement due to the insufficient absorption of water in the rectal region. It is usually caused by micro-organism in badly cooked food (p.s.sameletal, 1971).

Posttraumatic epilepsy can be characterized as a variant of the consequences of craniocerebral trauma (CMT) with a leading epileptic syndrome, which is manifested, respectively, by systematically repeated epileptic seizures, most often of convulsive nature.The leading etiological factor of symptomatic epilepsy of young age is craniocerebral trauma, which takes 30-50% of all types of injuries in peace time. The incidence of post-traumatic epilepsy in cases of previously suffered traumatic brain injury ranges from 5 to 50%, according to numerous studies, and its course is often progredient. The problem of diagnosis and drug treatment of posttraumatic epilepsy remains one of the most difficult tasks of clinical neurology [1,3,5].

According to modern concepts glaucoma is a disease or group of diseases accompanied by optic atrophy, characteristic changes in the visual field, the main risk factor of which is the increase of intraocular pressure (IOP) above the tolerance level.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a significant health concern globally and a growing challenge in low-and-middle-income countries, with about 17 million Nigerians having various stages of CKD. It is associated with reduced life expectancy, hence, the need for kidney donations (transplant). However, potential kidney donors are often generally concerned about a potential compromise of their renal functions after Nephrectomy is carried out. Hence, this study determined the effect of Simple Nephrectomy on the functions of the kidneys in adult male albino wistar rats. Twenty (20) adult male albino wistar rats were randomly divided into three Groups of ten (10) rats for Group A and five (5) rats each for Groups B and C. The study focused on two key indices of electrolyte and blood cell count regulations. Group A (test group) had their left kidneys surgically removed; group B (sham-control) were operated but their left kidneys were not removed, group C (normal control) were not operated, they were then observed for a period of 14 days. The results were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and was considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Normal blood cell levels were observed when compared to the normal control group. There was no significant compromise in electrolyte levels as compared to the normal control group. Also, congestion of blood was observed in the renal arteries of the test group as shown in the histology results. The results therefore showed no significant effect of Simple Nephrectomy on the hematological and electrolyte parameters of the test group.

The course of pregnancy, thyroid status, hormonal levels were studied in 96 women with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). It was found that pregnant women have a number of complications (54.8%) from the mother and the fetus, AIT has an unfavorable effect on the course of pregnancy, there is a high risk of miscarriage and termination of pregnancy, there is a decrease in the level of thyroid hormones and an increase in the level of TSH in comparison with similar indicators of healthy pregnant women. For the prevention of complications of gestation and prematurity of pregnancy in women with AIT, a planned determination of TSH blood from early gestation is recommended.

The constant exposure of health care workers to a wide range of infectious agents multiplies the risk of infection for both workers and patients. The issue of HIV prevention among health care workers is particularly acute. More than twenty infectious agents are now known to be transmissible by parenteral routes of transmission. This number is rather approximate, as most viral infections provoke pathological processes. However, the concentration of viruses in the blood can vary, as can the length of time the virus is present from the time of entry until the first signs of illness appear. It is these factors that determine the degree of risk of infection. The article examines the epidemiological situation of HIV infection in Samarkand region, outlines the regulatory documents on the prevention of HIV infection and the necessary preventive measures among health workers.

The effectiveness of providing qualified medical care for portal hypertension syndrome and esophageal-gastric bleeding in children depends on timely diagnosis, timely performed, if necessary, stopping bleeding and adequate surgical treatment. However, when hospitalized later than 1-2 days from the beginning of the first signs of bleeding, the outcome is largely determined by the methods used to stop bleeding, their pathogenetic correspondences to the patterns of development of hepatic and multiple organ failure. Abstract. The effectiveness of providing qualified medical care for portal hypertension syndrome and esophageal-gastric bleeding in children depends on timely diagnosis, timely performed, if necessary, stopping bleeding and adequate surgical treatment. However, when hospitalized later than 1-2 days from the beginning of the first signs of bleeding, the outcome is largely determined by the methods used to stop bleeding, their pathogenetic correspondences to the patterns of development of hepatic and multiple organ failure.

In case of long-term non-healing wounds the skin defect persists for a long time, significant cicatricial and dystrophic changes occur in the surrounding tissues, there is no tendency for stable independent epithelialization. Therefore, surgical treatment of long-lasting wounds that do not heal has taken the leading place in pathogenetic therapy, and it is primarily autodermoplasty. Any wound with a diameter of more than 5 cm needs to be covered artificially with a flap or skin slices to achieve a lasting therapeutic effect and a good functional result. A wound can be closed with local tissue grafting: excision of the edges and the bottom of the wound, mobilisation of the edges and a dummy suture. In some cases the skin can be mobilised by means of a loosening incision. The wound can also be closed by applying secondary sutures with excision of the edges and the wound bed (late secondary suture).

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely used to suppress inflammation in the body. NSAIDs are available in different forms: tablets, capsules, ointments. They have three main properties: antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic. The best non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug can only be chosen by a doctor, based on the individual characteristics of the patient. Self-treatment in this case may be fraught with serious adverse reactions or overdose. We suggest reading the list of drugs. The rating is based on value for money, patient feedback and expert opinion.

A study was made of the validity of some neurological assessment scales in the acute and early rehabilitation periods for certain subtypes of ischemic stroke. 110 patients with ischemic stroke (IS) were examined. In the study of neurological status, the international scale NIHSS was used, the degree of disability after IS was studied using the Rankin scale. tests were carried out in the acute period in the hospital and in the early period of rehabilitation. Both in general and in individual pathogenetic subtypes, there is a tendency (in most cases, statistically significant) to a decrease in the severity of stroke and the severity of neurological and neuropsychological changes, which is assessed in a scoring system using scales and allows you to more accurately track the dynamics of each individual patient or patient groups.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global problem of modern medicine. The neurological complications arising from this disease are an integral part of this condition because the kidneys and the brain have a similar anatomical structure of the vessels and a similar physiological structure of the processes occurring in them. Cognitive disorders (CD) that occur in CKD accompany almost every patient, regardless of the stage of the disease, and affect the psychological and social quality of life of patients. According to the literature, there are a number of substances called biomarkers, by determining which we can identify emerging neurological complications in the early stages of CKD. In our work, we used a new biomarker of renal function, cystatin C, which is characterized by free glomerular filtration and is not subject to tubular secretion. Its level in the blood serum of patients does not depend on the age, gender, muscle mass, ethnicity, diet, physical activity and bad habits of the patient.

Respiratory distress syndrome is a non-infectious pathological process in lungs developing in children in the first hours or days of life with acute respiratory failure caused by primary surfactant system failure, insufficiency of lung tissue, pathological processes taking place in lungs against the background of considerable suppression of vital functions of the body.           

Respiratory distress syndrome is one of the main causes of morbidity and death of premature and premature babies.

The review is devoted to the citicoline application in the complex treatment and rehabilitation of patients with acute ischemic stroke. The results of numerous experimental and clinical studies of the effect of citicoline on ischemia and hypoxia of the brain are presented. The basic pharmacological properties of citicoline, which has a complex neuroprotective effect are highlighted. Data are presented on the latest multicenter placebo-controlled trials of the drug in acute stroke. The basic principles of successful neurorehabilitation in stroke are discussed: early onset, continuity, continuity, multidisciplinary organizational approach, combination of rehabilitation measures and medication support of neuroplasticity [4,6].

Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers and is almost universally reported, although the incidence may vary considerably from region to region. Currently, oncologists note an upward trend in skin cancer with an average annual increase of 4.4%.