Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a significant health concern globally and a growing challenge in low-and-middle-income countries, with about 17 million Nigerians having various stages of CKD. It is associated with reduced life expectancy, hence, the need for kidney donations (transplant). However, potential kidney donors are often generally concerned about a potential compromise of their renal functions after Nephrectomy is carried out. Hence, this study determined the effect of Simple Nephrectomy on the functions of the kidneys in adult male albino wistar rats. Twenty (20) adult male albino wistar rats were randomly divided into three Groups of ten (10) rats for Group A and five (5) rats each for Groups B and C. The study focused on two key indices of electrolyte and blood cell count regulations. Group A (test group) had their left kidneys surgically removed; group B (sham-control) were operated but their left kidneys were not removed, group C (normal control) were not operated, they were then observed for a period of 14 days. The results were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and was considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Normal blood cell levels were observed when compared to the normal control group. There was no significant compromise in electrolyte levels as compared to the normal control group. Also, congestion of blood was observed in the renal arteries of the test group as shown in the histology results. The results therefore showed no significant effect of Simple Nephrectomy on the hematological and electrolyte parameters of the test group.

Simple-Nephrectomy, Renal-Functions, Chronic Kidney Disease, Hematological, Electrolyte

Ali, H., Daoud, A., Mohamed, M.M., Salim, S.A., Yessayan, L. and Baharani, J. (2020). Survival Rate in Acute Kidney Injury Superimposed COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Renal Failure 42 (1):393-397. Doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2020.1756323. 16 February, 2022.

Atwell, T.D., Schmit, G.D., and Boorjian, S.A. (2013). Percutaneous Ablation of Renal Masses Measuring 3.0cm and Smaller: Comparative Local Control and Complications after Radio Frequency Ablation and Cryo-ablation. American Journal of Roenterology. 200(2):461-466. Doi:10.2214/AJR.12.8618. 16 February, 2022

Boss, A., Clasen, S., Kuczyk, M., Schick, F., Pereira, P.L. (2007). Image-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma. European Radiology. 17(3):725-733. 16 February, 2022.

Bradley, H.C. (2021). Kidney Transplantation. Retrieved from http://www.emedicine.medscape.com/article/430128-overview

Chawla, L.S., Davison, D.L., Brasha, M.E., Koyner, J.L., Arthur, J.M. and Shaw, A.D. (2013). Development and Standardization of a Furosemide Stress Test to Predict the Severity of Acute Kidney Injury. Journal of Critical care. 17 (5):R207. Doi: 10.1186/cc13015

Ekholm, F.I., Elinder. C.G., Stenbeck, M., Tyden, G. and Groth, C.G. (1997). Kidney donors live longer. Journal of Transplantation. 64(7): 976-978. Doi: 10.1097/00007890-199710150-00007. 16 February, 2022.

Fleck, C. and Bräunlich, H. (1984). Kidney Function after Unilateral Nephrectomy. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology. 25(1):3-18. Doi: 10.1016/s0232-1513(84)80002-x. 16 February, 2022

Gupta, N., Raina, P. and Kumar, A. (2005). Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. Journal of Minimal Access Surgery. 1(4):155-164. Doi: 10.4103/0972-9941.19262. 16 February, 2022

Kidney Research UK: Living with One Functioning Kidney. Retrieved from https://www.kidneyresearchuk.org/kidney-health-information/ on 10 November,2021

Kim, S.P., Thompson, R.H., Boorjian, S.A., Weight, C.J., Han, L.C., Murad, M.H., Shippee, N.D., Erwin, P.J., Costello, B.A., Chow, G.K. and Leibovich, B.C. (2012). Comparative Effectiveness for Survival and Renal Function of Partial and Radical Nephrectomy for Localized Renal Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Urology. 188(1):51-57. Doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.03.006. 12 January, 2022

Klatte, T., Mauermann, J. and Heinz, P. (2011). Perioperative, Oncologic, and Functional Outcomes of Laparoscopic Renal Cryo-ablation and Open Partial Nephrectomy: A Matched Pair Analysis. Journal of Endourology. 25(6):991-997. Doi: 10.1089/end.2010.0615. 12 February, 2022

Layton, A.T. and Vallon, V. (2018). Renal Tubular Solute Transport and Oxygen Consumption: Insights from Computational Models. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension. 27(5):384-389. Doi: 10.1097/MNH.000000000000435. 13 February, 2022

Lote, C.J. (2012). Principles of Renal Physiology. 5th edition. Springer. p.21

Matt, C. (2020). Living with One Kidney: What to know. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/can-you-live-with-one-kidney on 16 February, 2022

Merkle, E.M., Nour, S.G. and Lewin, J.S. (2005). MR Imaging Follow-Up after Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Findings in 18 Patients during First 6 Months. Radiology. 235(3):1065-1071. Doi: 10.1148/radiol.2353040871 11 February, 2022

Mertyna, P., Dewhirst, M.W., Halpern, E., Goldberg, W. and Goldberg, S.N. (2008). Radiofrequency Ablation: The Effect of Distance and Baseline Temperature on Thermal Dose Required for Coagulation. International Journal of Hyperthermia. 24(7):550-559. Doi: 10.1080/02656730802035662. 18 October, 2021

Mitchell, C.R., Atwell, T.D. and Weisbrod, A.J. (2011). Renal Function Outcomes in Patients Treated with Partial Nephrectomy versus Percutaneous Ablation for Renal Tumors in a Solitary Kidney. Journal of Urology. 186(5):1786-1790. Doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.07.036. 10 November, 2021

Mukkamala, A., He, C. and Weizer, A.Z. (2014). Long-Term Renal Functional Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Partial Nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma. Journal of Urology and Oncology. 32(8)1247-1251. Doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2014.04.012. 11 August, 2021

Oefelein, M.G. (2006). Delayed Presentation of Urinoma after Radio Frequency Ablation-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy. Journal of Endourology. 20(1):27-30. Doi: 10.1089/end.2006.20.27. 15 November, 2021

Parasuraman, S., Raveendran, R. and Kesavan, R. (2017). Blood ample collection in small laboratory animals. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics. 8(3):153. Doi: 10.4103/0976-500X.215702. 16 February, 2022

Park, B.K. and Kim, C.K. (2009). Complications Of Image-Guided Radio Frequency Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Causes, Imaging Features and Prevention Methods. Journal of Eurology and Radiology. 19(9): 2180-2190. Doi: 10.1007/s00330-009-1399-1. 10 October, 2021

Park, S. and Cadeddu, J.A. (2007). Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation for Kidney Cancer. Cancer Control.14(3):205-210. Doi: 10.1177/107327480701400302. 12 October, 2021

Weizer, A.Z., Raj, G.V., O’Connell, M., Robertson, C.N., Nelson, R.C. and Polascik, T.J. (2005). Complications after Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of Renal Tumors. Journal of Urology. 66(6):1176-1180. Doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2005.06.125. 20 August, 2021