This article analyzes the role of ethnotoponyms in the study of the social structure of the population of the Bukhara Emirate, Khiva and Kokand khanates, which are found in "travelogues" created on the basis of travel memoirs of Russian and foreign tourists and officials of the countries visiting Central Asia in the XIX century. We know that ethnotoponyms as a special type of place names reflect the composition of the population of a particular area and the socio-economic processes associated with them, as well as traditions and values.

One of the most important issues of historical toponymy is the comparative analysis of ethnotoponyms on the basis of known sources, the study of the ethnic composition of the population of the region, demographic processes and factors influencing them in terms of sourceology and historiography.From this point of view, the scientific problem studied in this article is to study the social structure and strata of the population of the Central Asian khanates through ethnotoponyms of the region cited in foreign sources to fill some vague gaps not mentioned in local sources.

The main purpose of the study is to recognize the source significance of place names in the study of the social structure of the population of the Bukhara Emirate, Khiva and Kokand khanates, to determine their prestige in society, territorial identity and place in socio-economic life. Given the fact that ethnotoponyms are a multifaceted historical source, it is also intended to provide a scientific basis for their ability to reflect the socio-stratification of society.

The article used research methods such as systematic analysis, chronology, problem-chronological, as well as toponymic stratification, toponymic stratification of place names, genetic analysis, used in historical research.

The study identified the role of travelogues as a common source and the ethnotoponyms in them as an additional source in reflecting the social composition of the population in Central Asia. The place names related to the social structure of the population were classified, the peculiarities of their origin and the theoretical and practical aspects of their study of the socio-economic and ethnic history of the khanate were analyzed.

Travelogue, social stratification, khoja, sayyid, eshon, kalandars, dervishes, murid

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