This study develops a comprehensive theoretical and empirical synthesis of reshoring and nearshoring in the post-pandemic global economy, integrating insights from supply chain resilience theory, global value chain analysis, digital transformation literature, and political risk scholarship. Drawing exclusively upon a curated body of academic research, industry reports, and policy analyses, this research advances a multi-dimensional framework explaining why firms are reconfiguring manufacturing location decisions away from traditional offshore hubs toward domestic and regional production ecosystems. The study addresses three interrelated research questions: (1) How have risk, resilience, and total cost considerations evolved in reshoring decision-making? (2) What role do digital technologies, regulatory regimes, and workforce capabilities play in reshoring outcomes? (3) How does nearshoring—particularly in the Americas—mediate between globalization and deglobalization pressures? Methodologically, the research employs qualitative meta-synthesis, policy analysis, and conceptual integration grounded in supply chain resilience theory, total cost of ownership frameworks, political risk metrics, and digital manufacturing models. Findings suggest that reshoring is not a simplistic retreat from globalization but a structural recalibration driven by systemic risk exposure, digital manufacturing maturity, labor cost convergence, and policy incentives such as the CHIPS Act. The analysis further demonstrates that resilience and competitiveness are complementary rather than contradictory objectives when mediated through advanced manufacturing technologies and collaborative governance mechanisms. Nearshoring to Mexico and Latin America emerges as a strategic intermediate configuration balancing cost efficiency, geopolitical risk mitigation, and regional integration. The study contributes a unified Resilient Production Reconfiguration Model (RPRM) that integrates economic, technological, regulatory, and institutional determinants. Implications for theory, managerial practice, and public policy are discussed in depth, alongside limitations and future research directions.

Reshoring, Nearshoring, Supply Chain Resilience, Digital Manufacturing, Political Risk, Global Value Chains, Post-Pandemic Strategy

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