According to the World Health Organization, inflammatory diseases are aggressive and practically untreatable, and their prevalence, according to various authors, varies from 35% to 95%. Along with this, the problem is exacerbated by the increase in morbidity due to problems of early diagnosis, difficulties in achieving stable remission, as well as the relationship between late presentation and ambiguity of approaches to treatment. In addition, the issue of the primacy of etiopathogenesis still remains controversial. Knowledge of the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of development is necessary for early diagnosis, drawing up an adequate treatment protocol, prevention and control of inflammatory periodontal diseases.

Liver injury induced by paracetamol (acetaminophen) remains a significant concern, necessitating the exploration of effective hepatoprotective agents. This study investigates the potential hepatoprotective effects of Curcuma mangga extract in male mice subjected to paracetamol-induced hepatic injury. Following standardized protocols, male mice were pre-treated with Curcuma mangga extract before paracetamol administration. Hepatoprotective activity was assessed through biochemical markers, histopathological examination, and antioxidant enzyme assays. Results reveal a significant attenuation of paracetamol-induced hepatic injury in mice pre-treated with Curcuma mangga extract, as evidenced by reduced serum liver enzyme levels, ameliorated histopathological changes, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity. These findings underscore the hepatoprotective potential of Curcuma mangga extract and highlight its therapeutic relevance in mitigating drug-induced liver injury.

Petiveria alliacea, commonly known as guinea hen weed or anamu, is a medicinal plant renowned for its traditional uses in various folk medicine practices. This study aims to investigate the antimicrobial potential and mechanism of action of Petiveria alliacea stem extract against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms. Through a series of in vitro assays and molecular analyses, the antimicrobial activity of the extract was evaluated against bacterial and fungal strains. Results indicate significant inhibitory effects of Petiveria alliacea stem extract against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungal species. Furthermore, mechanistic investigations suggest that the extract exerts its antimicrobial action through multiple pathways, including disruption of cell membrane integrity, inhibition of enzyme activity, and modulation of microbial growth kinetics. These findings shed light on the antimicrobial properties of Petiveria alliacea stem extract and provide insights into its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent for therapeutic applications.